Links and Comments: Space Suite; Nice Guys Finish First; Debunking Myths; Is the US Crazy?

More links and comments from the past week or so, leading with the positive.

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First, a ‘Space Suite’ video animation of the planets in our solar system. Very cool.

http://vimeo.com/111882554

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The AsapSCIENCE guys have this video about how “Nice Guys Finish First” — a corrective to the cliche that nice guys finish last, as if only bad, aggressive men win in the end.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rr6lsTgZKAQ

It’s an explanation of the philosophical idea of the “Prisoner’s Dilemma” that reveals how cooperation works best in the long run – i.e. a core piece of what we think of as human morality, and a trait observed in other animal species as well, has an evolutionary reason for existing; you don’t need a holy rule book for most people to be altruistic and cooperate with others.

This notion aligns with EO Wilson’s ideas, as I’ve described in several previous posts, about ‘group selection’, the idea that cooperation among small societies or tribes has a survival advantage over tribes whose members are relatively selfish. Thus morality.

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Via Paul Fidalgo’s Morning Heresy:

Real Clear Science: The Biggest Myth About Debunking Myths

To the human mind, facts are minutiae. What matters most is the overarching narrative. For a single fact or even a group of facts to topple a mindset is an immense task, like David facing off against Goliath… if Goliath was twice as tall and encased in graphene body armor.

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And here is the most striking article from this past week — an example of an outsider viewpoint, challenging the US’s assumption of its superior status to every other nation in the world. (Traveling to other countries around the globe, even to Europe, quickly produces the same insight.)

Alternet: Is the U.S. Crazy?

To some extent, this article echoes themes I’ve described before — how the northern European countries (Sweden, Norway, Denmark, et al) have such higher standards of living, with better health care, lower infant mortality, and so on, compared to the US, despite or because of their ‘socialist’ societies that so many in the US violently reject.

The essay also provokes citizens of the US:

* Why can’t you Americans stop interfering with women’s health care?

* Why can’t you understand science?

* How can you still be so blind to the reality of climate change?

And many, many more.

Posted in Culture, Philosophy, Science | Comments Off on Links and Comments: Space Suite; Nice Guys Finish First; Debunking Myths; Is the US Crazy?

Ray Bradbury’s House Has Been Torn Down, and I Understand Why

Ray Bradbury was, of course, the popular and influential science fiction writer of such works as The Martian Chronicles and Fahrenheit 451, the latter book still a staple on high school reading lists. He was only loosely a science fiction writer, his fiction more fantasy and symbolic, and deeply poetic and nostalgic, and to no extent the kind of ‘hard’ science fiction more typical of the three other most popular SF authors of the mid- to late-20th century: Isaac Asimov, Arthur C. Clarke, and Robert A. Heinlein. Still, Bradbury wrote several books (the above-mentioned, as well as Dandelion Wine and Something Wicked This Way Comes), and a dozen or more short stories, that were among the most affecting of the 20th century: stories including “A Sound of Thunder” (the one about time travelers stepping on a butterfly in the ancient past and changing the course of history), “Kaleidoscope” (a survivor from an exploded ship in orbit appears as a meteor to a boy on Earth), “The Pedestrian” (it becomes illegal to take a late-night walk), “The Long Rain”, “The Veldt”, “All Summer in a Day”, “The Fog Horn”, “The Homecoming”, “I Sing the Body Electric” (made into a Twilight Zone episode), … as well as several of the stories in The Martian Chronicles, “Mars is Heaven!” and the last two: “There Will Come Soft Rains” and “The Million Year Picnic”.

He died in 2012. He’d lived for decades in a house in a district of Los Angeles, Cheviot Hills, on the Westside, south of UCLA and Beverly Hills and just north of the 10 freeway. A nice upscale neighborhood, but one built in the 1950s. I never met Bradbury, let alone visited his house; the one time I saw him, even then in a wheelchair, was at the 2001 Nebula Awards Banquet, held at the same Beverly Hilton Hotel where the Golden Globe Awards were held just this evening.

I hope Mike Glyer, who has this post about the Bradbury house, doesn’t mind my scaling his photo from MLS of the house:



So it is sad that no millionaire fan bought the house to preserve it as a memorial, but that idea is far-fetched at best; how would that work? Create a museum? How many people would visit, and pay? How long could it survive?

It’s not unusual that someone should have bought this property as a tear-down, intending to literally tear down the house, buying it for the property, with the intention of building a new, modern house.

This happens all the time. And the reason I understand this is that my own experience in the past few months of selling our home here in a suburb of LA, and buying a new one in the Bay Area, reveals how the competition among home-buyers works. That is, you might think that your home, built a mere 10 or 20 or 25 years ago, works just fine. But home-buyers see lots of potential properties, including newer homes than yours, homes with granite kitchen counters instead of tile, homes with modern appliances rather than ones obviously with 25 years of use, homes with much larger bathrooms and kitchens and closets than were typically built 25 years ago, or 50 years ago. We’ve seen properties in the Bay Area on the peninsula built 60 years ago, lived in by a single family and never updated in all that time, and still asking $1.5 million for a 2000 square foot home with narrow kitchens and tiny bathrooms. Because competition is so extreme on the peninsula — the area south of San Francisco, down to Palo Alto — given the employees of all those high-tech companies in that area wanting to live close to work — that any decent house there goes on the market on a Friday, has open houses over the weekend, and gets multiple bids by Tuesday, for over list price in order to beat out other offers. The sellers pick one, and the house is sold in less than a week.

So I’m not surprised that no one bought Bradbury’s 65-year-old house intending to move in as-is. The LA market may not be quite as competitive and ruthless as the SF Bay Area market, but to some degree it’s the same: there are not enough modern buyers (including it seems foreign buyers, especially Chinese, who show up in LA and SF with *cash*, ready to buy), who have any interest in buying a 50 or 60-year old home, unless they intend to tear it down and build something more modern. There are not enough fans of Bradbury, or any other author or artist or playwright, no matter how renowned, to compete with those buyers. That’s capitalism.

Posted in Culture, Economics, Ray Bradbury | Comments Off on Ray Bradbury’s House Has Been Torn Down, and I Understand Why

Religious Evolution and Obsolescence

I’ve mentioned before that there is an evolution of policy stances by conservative and Republican politicians, because the environment — the American public — has shifted its majority opinion on issues such as gay rights and even same-sex marriage. Thus, these politicians need to keep shifting, if only apparently softening, their stance on these issues, or risk not surviving the changing environment of general elections, beyond the dwindling hard-core voter block of die-hard religious fundamentalists.

Thus Jeb Bush, throwing his hat into the ring, and his comments on same-sex marriage in Florida. He speaks more softly, but his stance hasn’t really changed at all; Michelangelo Signorile properly calls him out on this in a Huffington Post article, ‘Respect’ My Opposition to Your Civil Rights Because ‘Religious Liberty’.

All such arguments presume that religious beliefs trump the Constitution, which clearly has amendments about the non-establishment of religion, and equal rights under the law to everyone, with no qualifiers about gender. It continually baffles me how the right-wing does not understand this. Or actually it doesn’t baffle me: politicians as smart as Jeb Bush must surely realize they have no case that would survive a constitutional challenge. But they are speaking to a base voter population that does not understand that, or refuses to believe it, secure in their religious presumption that they have a right to impose their scruples on the entire population. There is a huge difference in proportion, obviously, but the base motivation is the same as that of those who massacred the staff of Charlie Hebdo this week.

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Increasingly, people are calling out the dangerous absurdities of religious faith.

Salon: We must stop deferring to religion: Laughable absurdities must be laughed at

We need to cease granting religion – and not just Islam – an exemption from criticism. If we do not believe the fables foisted on us (without evidence) by the faithful, we need to say so, day in and day out, in mixed company, and especially in front of children (to thwart their later indoctrination). We must stop according religion unconditional respect, stop deferring to men (and mostly they are men) who happen to preface their names with the titles of reverend or rabbi or imam, and de-sanctify the sacred, in word and deed.

And Alternet: Bill Maher on Paris Attack: ‘There Are No Great Religions—They’re All Stupid and Dangerous’

Title sums it up.

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The ‘great’ religions have had thousands of years to accomplish something, and what they’ve accomplished are some lovely cathedrals, inspirations to much beautiful music, and many variant social traditions that comfort people throughout their lives. These things are not trivial. But they also instill among their followers an intolerance and fear of people who are different; tribalistic thinking, writ large.

While it is rationality and science that have created our modern society, with its technology, standards of health, and awareness of the actual universe that we live in.

Christians in the US these days seem intent on defining themselves, though their refusal to deal with people [gays] who don’t conform to their Biblical rules of life, as people who cannot get along with others who are not like themselves. In this increasingly multicultural world (there’s no turning back) such attitudes are poison, and perhaps that’s why surveys keep showing that adherents to formal religion are dwindling. Maybe Arthur C. Clarke was right after all: given multiculturalism (exposure to the fact that other people are not like you) and education (what the world is actually like, contrary to the myths of ancient illiterates) religion will fade like all the other superstitions that survive only in the minds of the gullible and feeble-minded.

Posted in Culture, Evolution, Lunacy, Religion | Comments Off on Religious Evolution and Obsolescence

Elves

Mason: Dad, there’s no real magic in the world, right?

Dad: What do you mean?

Mason: You know, like elves and stuff. People just made that up.

Dad: Oh, I don’t know. I mean, what makes you think that elves are any more magical than something like a whale? You know what I mean? What if I told you a story about how underneath the ocean, there was this giant sea mammal that used sonar and sang songs and it was so big that its heart was the size of a car and you could crawl through the arteries? I mean, you’d think that was pretty magical, right?

Mason: Yeah. But, like, right this second, there’s, like, no elves in the world, right?

Dad: No. Technically, no elves.

Posted in Films | Comments Off on Elves

Links and Comments: Mostly about the Evils of Religion, Not to Put Too Fine a Point on It

Tonight, many links and comments about religion, especially on this day when thin-skinned Muslim terrorists murdered French journalists who had dared to insult their omniscient, omnipotent god by drawing mocking cartoons about Muhammad. Some of the reaction has been to fault the journalists, as if they had it coming. This strikes me as Islamophobia, because I doubt if this reaction would apply to Christian terrorists, for example, if they had hypothetically murdered the writing staff of The Daily Show. (To echo a comment I read somewhere on the web today.)

So today Slate reposted a classic essay by Christopher Hitchens, The Case for Mocking Religion. It topped the “most read” list of articles all day. Hitchens had a way with words.

Islam makes very large claims for itself. In its art, there is a prejudice against representing the human form at all. The prohibition on picturing the prophet—who was only another male mammal—is apparently absolute. So is the prohibition on pork or alcohol or, in some Muslim societies, music or dancing. Very well then, let a good Muslim abstain rigorously from all these. But if he claims the right to make me abstain as well, he offers the clearest possible warning and proof of an aggressive intent. This current uneasy coexistence is only an interlude, he seems to say. For the moment, all I can do is claim to possess absolute truth and demand absolute immunity from criticism. But in the future, you will do what I say and you will do it on pain of death.

And novelist Salman Rushdie, target of a Muslim “fatwa” for his book The Satanic Verses 25 years ago, issued a statement of support for the satirical magazine Charlie Hebdo, target of today’s assassinations. Part of it was even quoted on the NBC nightly news! But not this part:

Religion, a mediaeval form of unreason, when combined with modern weaponry becomes a real threat to our freedoms. … Religions, like all other ideas, deserve criticism, satire, and, yes, our fearless disrespect.

And one of my Facebook friends linked this classic web comic from a site called The Oatmeal: How to suck at your religion. It’s a series of panels about condemning others’ religions without realizing how your criticisms apply to your own. Sample:

[Character 1] Everyone knows what REALLY happened is an omnipotent father figure BUILT outer space and then put a garden on earth where a naked couple ate some fruit which was bad and then he had magic no-touch sex with a virgin who gave birth to this bearded hippy who got killed until he came back to life as a zombie where he floats around teaching us all not to masturbate too much or we’ll be sent to the earth’s core and barbequed for all eternity!

[Character 2] I know, right! Those crazy scientologists have it all wrong!

These links segue into my backlog from the other night, plus one from just yesterday. The Friendly Atheist site excerpts a long passage from a new book by Marshall Brain called How “God” Works, published yesterday, a passage that explores the obvious evidence that prayer doesn’t work (controlled studies have actually been done!), and asking why so many people believe (or want to believe) that it does.

So why do billions of people on Earth today believe that prayer works? Why is religious inspirational literature filled with thousands of examples of “answered prayers?” What’s happening is simple: Believers, because they lack or ignore critical thinking skills, do not look at evidence correctly. Or they completely ignore evidence. For example, believers fail to take coincidence into account when evaluating prayer’s efficacy, using confirmation bias to make note of the prayers that “work” while ignoring all of the prayers that do not.

How do Christians typically handle the unambiguous evidence that amputees represent? They might come up with rationalizations to try to explain why statements in the Bible are untrue for amputees. Or they might try to explain why amputees are somehow different from other people. Or they might simply get angry and storm away so they can ignore the evidence completely.

This is pretty obvious as far as it goes, but my interest, as I’ve repeated in this blog, is to explore why such beliefs exist — the obvious answer being that beliefs that promote social cohesion, self-importance, and thus reproductive success, persist despite their being to some degree fantasies about actual reality.

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As a follow-up to my posts the other night about how the world is becoming more peaceful, here is a post by Adam Lee, The Peaceful Side of Atheism, that explores the idea that the declining level of violence in the world is due the decline of religion. That religion supports violence against rival religions and infidels has obvious support from today’s events in Paris.

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Also from yesterday, Jerry Coyne links a cartoon that speaks to John Loftus’ idea of the “outsider test for faith” — the notion of how you, believing your particular religion, would defend it to an objective alien who happened to land on earth and was trying to figure out which religion was “true”. It also echoes Richard Dawkins’ criticism of the idea that a child born of Religion X parents is taken automatically to also be of Religion X.

Mr. and Mrs. John McCracken of Lake Oswego, Ore. have a brand new set of twins — identical in every way, except that while Baby Lauren, like her parents, is Presbyterian, Baby Samantha is Hindu!

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From a couple weeks ago, this Newsweek cover article: The Bible: So Misunderstood It’s a Sin

This is religious hypocrisy 101, very basic stuff, about how believers pick and choose passages from the Bible to support their gut prejudices and hatreds, while ignoring the many many other relatively inconvenient passages that are obviously not applicable in the modern world.

They wave their Bibles at passersby, screaming their condemnations of homosexuals. They fall on their knees, worshiping at the base of granite monuments to the Ten Commandments while demanding prayer in school. They appeal to God to save America from their political opponents, mostly Democrats. They gather in football stadiums by the thousands to pray for the country’s salvation.

They are God’s frauds, cafeteria Christians who pick and choose which Bible verses they heed with less care than they exercise in selecting side orders for lunch. They are joined by religious rationalizers —-fundamentalists who, unable to find Scripture supporting their biases and beliefs, twist phrases and modify translations to prove they are honoring the Bible’s words.

Many other good bits — again, all obvious and well-known to anyone who pays attention to religion in the context of the broader culture.

No television preacher has ever read the Bible. Neither has any evangelical politician. Neither has the pope. Neither have I. And neither have you. At best, we’ve all read a bad translation—a translation of translations of translations of hand-copied copies of copies of copies of copies, and on and on, hundreds of times.

About 400 years passed between the writing of the first Christian manuscripts and their compilation into the New Testament. (That’s the same amount of time between the arrival of the Pilgrims on the Mayflower and today.) The first books of the Old Testament were written 1,000 years before that. In other words, some 1,500 years passed between the day the first biblical author put stick to clay and when the books that would become the New Testament were chosen. There were no printing presses beforehand or until 1,000 years later.

Naturally, right-wing religious pundits condemn the article without actually addressing any of its issues, e.g. via Right Wing Watch: Todd Starnes: ‘Repugnant’ Newsweek ‘Blasted The Bible’ By Disagreeing With Conservatives

Starnes wrote in his Fox News column last week that he’s outraged that the magazine “portrays Evangelical Christians as homophobic, right-wing fundamentalist hypocrites” …

Well, yes.

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Along the same lines, Valerie Tarico at Alternet has an interesting article about how the magical aspects of the Jesus story grew over time, considering the order in which the Biblical gospels were written: Not-So-Virgin Birth: Why Stories of Jesus Became More Magical Over Time

Again, obvious stuff to anyone who has studied history, as well as modern culture, and understands how events are reported and stories are retold in light of motivations to cast current events as fulfillments of earlier prophecies. Decades after the events.

Christianity’s virgin birth narrative, both what it says and why it is poorly integrated into the rest of the Bible, is a fascinating study in cultural evolution. Specifically, it illustrates a process called “syncretism” whereby religions merge over time when cultures come into contact.

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Salon: Religion’s smart-people problem: The shaky intellectual foundations of absolute faith

An article by John G. Messerly, who blogs at The Meaning of Life.

Should you believe in a God? Not according to most academic philosophers. A comprehensive survey revealed that only about 14 percent of English speaking professional philosophers are theists.  As for what little religious belief remains among their colleagues, most professional philosophers regard it as a strange aberration among otherwise intelligent people. Among scientists the situation is much the same. Surveys of the members of the National Academy of Sciences, composed of the most prestigious scientists in the world, show that religious belief among them is practically nonexistent, about 7 percent.

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Now, this post is full of anti-religion links to articles about the political and intellectual evils of religion. In one sense, neither I or anyone else should care about what fantasies religious people “believe”; it’s their own lives, and everyone is entitled to their own lives, no matter what fantasies help them get through the night: Jesus, Allah, Scientology. My posts here have been to call out the evils that religious people do, in terms of condemning people of other faiths, or of no faiths, to political Hell, particularly in their political activism that would assassinate non-believers, as in the news today from Paris, or relegating them to second-class status, as conservatives and Republicans seem anxious to do here in the US. This affects me personally, of course. But as I’ve said here before, my fascination with this theme is in the context of the larger, rather science-fictional, theme about how to think of mankind’s existence in the context of an enormous universe.

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Still, one final shot. The site Good As You has a post about how the conservative radio host Erick Erickson equates gay activists with the Paris terrorists.

It’s typical of condemnation by the religious right of everyone they feel squeamish about.

And yet. I sympathize with Good As You’s editor, who posted this today: Why you won’t see me covering some of the usual suspects going forward.

Just as Media Matters declared victory over Fox News a while back, in terms of documented evidence of Fox News’s continued misrepresentation of factual news, the Good As You’s editor has decided that his attention to the extremists on the right — Peter LaBarbera, Matt Barber, Bryan Fischer, Lindy Harvey, et al — has run its course. They speak to audiences in right-wing bubbles but have ceased to have any influences in the broader culture. They have lost. And so as Jeremy Hooper of Good As You has stopped paying attention to those who have lost, I feel that here on my blog I need to stop paying quite so much attention to the religious zealots who deny reality and who would deny citizenship to anyone who is different from themselves, and focus more on the positives, the reality of what science and thinking have revealed about the real world.

It will be very tempting to do otherwise, just because there is so much opportunity otherwise. But life is short, and in the long run, I think, focusing on the positive will be more productive than focusing on the negative.

Will any of this make any difference to anyone who reads this and is invested in the stories of Christianity? No. I am sure it won’t. And that is the point.

Posted in Atheism, Culture, Links, Lunacy, Philosophy, Religion | Comments Off on Links and Comments: Mostly about the Evils of Religion, Not to Put Too Fine a Point on It

Links and Comments: Good News about the state of the world; cultural concepts; science; religion and fantasy

Catching up on links and comments from the past three weeks or so, given the holiday lapse.

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First some Good News:

Slate: Steven Pinker and Andrew Mack: The World Is Not Falling Apart

In the world is getting more and more peaceful, and less violent. This essay echoes Pinker’s book The Better Angels of Our Nature: Why Violence Has Declined (2011), an enormous, exhaustive volume examining world history and the pattern of violence across the centuries.

That people have the impression that the world is getting scarier every year (the Slate article quotes examples) is an artifact of how journalism works. Bad news leads; if there were only one murder in the entire world on a given day, that would lead all the news broadcasts, because news is exceptional, and news is about what’s exceptional. This is not to condemn journalism (well, except perhaps for Faux News), but to understand how it works, and what the motives are for those who produce it, and those who consume it.

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The New Yorker: John Cassidy on Twelve Lessons for 2015.

The writer identifies trends from this past year — the economy is growing; monetary policy works; Obamacare is working; Obama is far from a lame duck, and so on — and speculates about which of these trends will continue into 2015. Another is that the GOP can’t yet be written off. (Alas)

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Next, general cultural issues.

Mother Nature Network: 7 cultural concepts we don’t have in the U.S.

I got this from a Facebook post, and responded that Kaizen is, actually, a common concept among US high tech industries; my former employer Pratt & Whitney, and its parent company United Technologies, had an elaborate ‘operating system’, called ACE (for Achieving Competitive Excellence), that was largely based on the Japanese concept of Kaizen.

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Science

Salon: God is on the ropes: The brilliant new science that has creationists and the Christian right terrified

This is an interesting piece about an MIT professor who has a thermodynamic theory about how the emergence of life is inevitable; it compliments the general theory of evolution, popularly proposed by Darwin but since much expanded, which addresses how lifeforms evolve over time, but not how the earliest life appeared in the first place.

This is actually not news; similar theories have been proposed before. As PZ Myers notes, this article is Bafflingly hyperbolic, implying that this abstruse research will somehow send fundamentalist creationists shaking in their boots, despite their inability to understand basic evidence and logic.

Creationists don’t understand thermodynamics. Heck, they don’t understand basic logic. You think an obscure bit of theory by some brilliant wonk, written up in journals they’ll never read? My dog, man, I’ve still got creationists asking me, “If man evolved from monkeys, why are there still monkeys?” and you think they’re going to be stunned into silence by a technical paper in a physics journal on entropy, heat dissipation, and molecular self-organization?

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Then there is the editorial that appeared on Christmas Day in the Wall Street Journal by a Christian apologist who declared that science has increasingly been making the case for the existence of ‘God’ — based on the ‘fine-tuning’ argument of universal constants.

His argument was bogus — my favorite comparison, to arguments of this type, and to the banana argument put forth by the dimwit Kirk Cameron — is to think that the fact one’s legs are long enough to reach the ground must prove — God! Jesus!

This Addicting Info post reproduces the astrophysicist Lawrence Krauss’ letter to the editor, which concludes,

Religious arguments for the existence of God thinly veiled as scientific arguments do a disservice to both science and religion, and by allowing a Christian apologist to masquerade as a scientist WSJ did a disservice to its readers.

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Salon: The truth about free will: Does it actually exist?

An interview with Daniel Dennett. This has been a debate among scientists/philosophers for some years now, one I’ve not followed closely. But one point, which has been repeatedly validated through scientific experiment of brain scans and whatnot, is that our minds make decisions before we are consciously aware of them. And I have found myself experiencing this myself. You get out of bed; did you consciously *decide* to get out of bed? Or did you get out of bed and realize a moment later that this was an appropriate thing to do? The debate is partially about whether ‘free will’ is a fact or a socially useable concept. EO Wilson, in his recent book, concluded (p170),

So, does free will exist? Yes, if not in ultimate reality, then at least in the operational sense necessary for sanity and thereby for the perpetuation of the human species.

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And finally, religion, fiction, and fantasy. [All pretty much the same thing.]

From a while back, a post by Hemant Mehta about a book by Greta Christina about death. He quotes her:

And I haven’t even gotten to the monotony of Heaven. I haven’t even started on how people need change, challenges, growth, to be happy, and how an eternity of any one thing would eventually become tedious to the point of madness. Unless, again, our personalities changed so much we’d be unrecognizable.

I’m with Christopher Hitchens on this one. Heaven sounds like North Korea — an eternity of mindless conformity spent singing the praises of a powerful tyrant.

I had a similar reaction to the portrayal of heaven in the film The Tree of Life, when I reviewed the film here on my blog a couple years ago:

Yet the beach scenes near the end were a bit too reminiscent of naive images of heaven, when everyone you’ve ever known will gather together for…endless strolling?

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The Friendly Atheist blog captures a tweet by pastor Joel Osteen: Don’t let facts get in the way of your fiction.

He endorses faith over facts. My take, my theme in this blog: to human beings stories are more important than reality. Especially stories that place *you* as the central subject, as religions of course do.

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Salon: Religion’s sinister fairy tale: Extremists, the religious right, Reza Aslan and the fight for reason

Subtitle: “We must no longer ignore the propagation of apocalyptic fables that large numbers of people take seriously”

The writer, Jeffrey Tayler, challenges the author Reza Aslan for his demarcation and dismissal of the non-religious into “atheist” and “antitheist”. And Karen Armstrong.

Aslan has often argued that we atheists are eschewing interpretation and reading religious texts too literally. Well, if we want to see religion as the majority of believers do, we should continue to do so: three-fourths of Americans believe the Bible to be the word of God – numbers that, to the shame of the Republic, find reflection in our resolutely anti-science Congress.

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I have more, but will finish for tonight.

Posted in Atheism, Cosmology, Culture, Evolution, Lunacy, Religion | Comments Off on Links and Comments: Good News about the state of the world; cultural concepts; science; religion and fantasy

The Imitation Game

(copied from Facebook post, 22 Dec 2014)

We caught up with THE IMITATION GAME yesterday, the film about Alan Turing, staring Benedict Cumberbatch and Keira Knightley. Turing was the British mathematician who famously cracked the Nazi “Enigma” code during World War II, and who in effect built the first ‘computer’, and who was later convicted of gross indecency for his homosexuality, and who committed suicide at age 41 by eating an apple laced with cyanide.

The film is very good, in a standard Hollywood way; it’s exceptional because Turing’s life and achievement were exceptional, though as a drama you can’t help but suspect aspects of the story are exaggerated for dramatic effect: the conflict between Turing and his coworkers, the persistent skepticism of his superiors; the pseudo-romance with one of his co-workers. In particular, as I’ve read in some of the reviews, there was no single “ah-ha” moment in which Turing has a great insight based on some casual remark in the pub. It makes for good drama, but as always with scientific endeavors, accomplishments like this are usually the result of team efforts, not the singular momentary brilliance of a particular person.

Yet the film also addresses the moral quandary that follows the inevitable success of Turing’s machine. Once they’ve learned how to decode the Nazi signals, they must use that knowledge sparingly, or risk the Nazi’s realization that their code has been broken. And so they apply mathematical analysis, to determine which signals to react on (to save convoys, e.g.), and which to ignore (despite the inevitable losing of such convoys), in order to maximize the eventual winning of the war while minimizing losses. It’s a dramatic example of cold-blooded mathematical analysis that sacrifices some for the eventual greater good. And it worked.

Despite the familiar Hollywood dramatic effects, there are some great moments in this film, especially near the end of the framing interview, in which Turing is telling his secret life to the police prosecutor who is investigating his indecency charge. He tells his story about what he did during the war, still a state secret at that time, and he explains his idea of the ‘imitation game’, what we now call the ‘Turing test’ — how do you tell if the answers to any of your questions are coming from a human, or a machine? Is he himself, he asks rhetorically, a man, a machine, a war hero, or a criminal? Also quite affecting are flashbacks to the youthful Turing, and his friendship/attachment to another boy. There is a final scene in this sequence in which the young Turing reacts to news about what has happened to his friend — remarkable for the young actor’s performance, and the ability of the actor and the director to hold the scene for so long.

The end of the story is that Britain in the early ’50s convicted Turing of indecency for having committed homosexual acts, and gave him the choice of prison or ‘hormone therapy’. He chose the latter, but after a couple years of it, committed suicide.

Titles at the end of the film indicate that Turing’s efforts cut the war short by 2 years and saved 14 million lives.

Society has evolved; a year ago Queen Elizabeth issued a retroactive pardon of Turing (though not of the thousands of other homosexuals similarly convicted over the previous century). Yet to do this day, there are still “Christians”, especially in America, who publicly advocate the execution of homosexuals.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Imitation_Game

Posted in Films, Science, The Gays | Comments Off on The Imitation Game

Chef

(Copied from Facebook post, 26 Dec 2014)

On Christmas Day evening the four of us — me and Yeong and his two boys — watched a charming ‘foodie’ movie from earlier in 2014, CHEF, starring writer/director Jon Favreau as a chef who loses his job at a high-end LA restaurant (owned by villain Dustin Hoffman) after a YouTubed encounter with restaurant critic Oliver Platt, and takes up a job on a food truck in Miami, making Cubanos (Cuban sandwiches), along with John Leguizamo and the chef’s son Percy (played by the adorable Emjay Anthony), until they achieve far greater success. With Scarlett Johansson and Robert Downey, Jr., in more than cameo roles, and a finale that mixes culinary issues and family values into a heartwarming (if a bit too sweet) conclusion. Recommended for anyone who enjoys seeing how chefs work.

www.imdb.com/title/tt2883512/

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Birdman

(Copied from Facebook post, 1 Jan 2015)

We saw BIRDMAN today, the film starring Michael Keaton as a fading action hero movie star trying to redeem himself by staging a Broadway adaptation of Raymond Carver’s short story “What We Talk About When We Talk About Love”; starring also Edward Norton, Emma Stone, Zach Galifianakis, Naomi Watts, and Lindsay Duncan (as the vicious theater critic); directed by Alejandro González Iñárritu. It resembles the film BLACK SWAN it its subject of artistic obsession and its style that blends fantasy and reality, with mixed signals about whether the fantasy is entirely in the mind of the protagonist or not. This blurring of perception is underscored by the film’s staging as a more-or-less continuous take, with only lacunae for lapses of time, aside from a few short scenes at the very beginning and end. Technically stunning, the film is also a provocative examination of the fuzzy boundaries between creativity, obsession, and imaginary powers.

http://www.imdb.com/title/tt2562232/

And, as Terry Bisson commented to my Facebook post, it’s very funny.

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It’s a Wonderful Life

We watched the film “It’s a Wonderful Life” this past week, as a holiday event, for the umpteenth time, as everyone does, and what I was most struck by this time is one of the most obvious points: how long it takes George Bailey (James Stewart) to realize that, after his contemplated suicide by jumping into a frozen river, and his intervention by an angel, and his reappearance in a truly *alternate* Bedford Falls (called Pottersville) that exists because he himself never existed, that he is not experiencing some mental fantasy or conspiracy; he truly is in some different place.

Because of course, this idea, of some alternate reality, the idea that alternate realities might exist depending on different decisions made at some point in the past, was not so common in 1939 as it is today, by virtue of today’s culture’s absorption of the ideas of science fiction and fantasy.

In the film it’s not until Jimmy Stewart confronts his putative wife (Donna Reed), who in his nonexistence has been relegated to a spinster librarian (a crude, vicious cliché, but leave that for now), before he realizes he is truly in some other place where he himself has not existed.

The same idea of characters being mind-boggled by changes in their reality they cannot understand was also typical in many of those Twilight Zone episodes, in the early 1960s.

The point being that those Twilight Zone characters had obviously never watched The Twilight Zone, just as George Bailey had never read stories or seen movies about the idea of alternate realities.

Has this changed? I don’t watch much TV these days, or see very many films. Are there any self-aware characters or situations about people who *do* realize they are in situations anticipated by the ideas of SF and fantasy? I’m guessing not, with perhaps some exceptions; to acknowledge such ideas would be weirdly self-referential, and perhaps too complex for the general audience.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/It%27s_a_Wonderful_Life

There are, of course, many other possible takes on this film, including the obvious one that the idea of an ‘angel’ watching over one is fatuous. But the idea of alternate histories, based on the idea that any particular decision in one’s life can lead to different outcomes, is a basic philosophical notion.

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